Make money online

Esential tools for an effective strategy

• Your Own Website – The greatest important and indispensable tool in Affiliate Marketing is your own site. The chief step in any thriving affiliate marketing business is creating a good, believable and professional looking website. Your website is the jump off point of all your marketing efforts.
  
  Thus, you must first create an -easy-to-use website, which will appeal to your prospects and encourage them to click on the links to the goods and services you are promoting and hopefully create a purchase. Consequently, you must first focus your efforts in building a site that can cater to what your prospects need.
  
  The most important thing you should consider is that almost all web users go online to search for information, not automatically to go and buy something. Above all else, make your website full of original, pertinent and practical content. People love articles that are appealing and helpful.
  
  Keep in mind that, in the internet, content is always key and top quality content will not just raise your credibility, it can also help you fulfil a higher-level search engine ranking. By posting relevant and useful articles, you establish yourself as a credible authority in the field, displaying you a trustworthy endorser of the product or service you support. Establishing a good reputation is a good move in building up a loyal consumer base.
   
• Incentives – Competition is extremely fierce in the internet world. You should always be one-movement in advance of your rivals to ensure that you capture a critical share of your target market. Therefore, you must use every conceivable means to inspire people not solely to visit your website but also to click and proceed to the websites of the opportunities and services you are promoting. Creating an opt-in email list is one of the better ways to gather prospects.
  
  Offer a newsletter or an e-zine. Better yet, offer incentives to your prospects to inspire them to subscribe to your newsletters. You can present free softwares, access to unique services and other freebies that will be helpful to your prospects.
   
• Link Popularity – The value of driving highly targeted traffic to your website cannot be emphasized enough. The all-important web traffic is at the top of the list of the most crucial entities in the internet arena. Attracting people to your site has to be the first action you should carry out. Do everything to achieve a top search engine rage ranking.
  
  Link Popularity is one of the factors that search engines use to establish search engine rankings. So, to elevate your link popularity, you must launch an aggressive reciprocal link action.

One of the better ways to do this, at no cost at all, is by submitting articles, with your site’s web address in the resource box, to e-zines and free article sites. You may not only earn exposure, you may also have the opportunity to advertise for no cost, just include a link pointing to your site. The more sites you send your articles to, the better your link popularity is. Ensure your articles are unique, pertinent and practical so that other websites may pick it up and post it.

Will an apple a day keep the doctor away?

Are apples the secret to a long life?
An apple a day can reduce the risk of diabetes, high blood pressure and many types of cancer. But would you be able to avoid the doctor entirely just by eating a bunch of the forbidden fruit? Not likely. Various studies show health benefits when participants eat an apple between three and five times a week, but all ailments cannot be cured by diet alone.

Are other fruits just as good for you as apples? Sure. All fruits are loaded with nutrients that are building blocks to good health. Bananas are loaded with potassium, which is important for a healthy heart and proper muscle function. Blackberries are loaded with fiber, and strawberries contain vitamin C and fiber.

Like cranberries, blueberries help prevent and fight urinary tract infections. They're also a bit tastier than cranberries, which most people only enjoy when combined with plenty of added sugar. Apricots, fresh or dried, are high in beta-carotene.

When choosing drinks, apple juice barely makes the top 10. Pomegranate juice, wine and purple grape juice are high in antioxidants, with apple juice in the tenth spot, right behind tea. One of the things that makes apples so incredibly healthy is the amount of fiber they contain, but that's lost during juicing.

If all fruits are nutritional powerhouses, why are apples the only one to be included in the folklore? At the time the adage emerged, apples were easy to grow (and still are). Once harvested, they could remain in storage for nearly a year. Recent studies have shown that, unlike many fruits and vegetables, the nutritional benefits of apples remain relatively stable as long as 200 days after harvest .

While an apple a day will go a long way toward keeping the doctor away, most nutritionists recommend a varied diet. In addition to apples, fill your shopping cart with citrus fruits, tropical treats like mangos, and a variety of berries, which pack a nutritional punch. Eating several servings of a varied selection of fruits each day is truly the best way to keep the doctor away.

How to Trade in Stock Market

BASIC TECHNICAL ANALYSIS ON STOCK TRADING
The best time to think of purchasing the stocks is the time when you have the basic technical knowledge of stocks dealing and is able to analyse the market accordingly. Technical Analysis (TA) , helps you to determine when to buy the particular stocks and what can be the suitable period of time for the dealing. There are several good reputed schools/ institutions offering the study of TA but the basics apply to all of them . We do not expect you to become a professional overnight  as TA requires considerable study and pactice with committment and concentration- but knowing just the basics can be profitable to you and can improve your returns and can even save you from financial disasters of which one of the basic reason is knowing nothing about the stocks and yet dealing in it(pople can fool you around if you will not be knowing even the basics )

MOVING AVERAGES
Following are few facts and practises of stocks dealings, that would be acting like one of the guiding forces in stock dealing.

50 DMA (Day Moving Average) is the average price of a stock for the past 50 days plotted on a chart. A 200 DMA is the average price of a stock for the past 200 days plotted on a chart. A rising stock will have rising 50 and 200 DMAs, with the 50 DMA above the 200 DMA. Conversely, a declining stock will have declining 50 and 200 DMAs, with the 50 DMA below the 200 DMA.

Rising stocks generally stay above the rising 50 DMA, or close to it. Conversely, declining stocks stay below the declining 50 DMA.

Bottom fishing (buying stocks that are down a lot) on the premise that the market is wrong and you know better is the amateur’s strategy that on balance produces disastrous results. It makes more sense to go with the trend by buying rising stocks while avoiding (or shorting) the declining ones.
Golden Cross

When a declining stock reverses and starts back up, the rising 50 DMA crosses above the 200 DMA – generally, a bullish sign.

Trend Lines
Stocks don’t move in a straight line, nor are their moves sporadic. They are either in an uptrend (going up) or in a downtrend (going down). A trendline is established by drawing a line through three separate highs or lows on a chart. The upper band is called resistance; the lower band is called support.
A stock trading between support and resistance is in the trading range.
Some stocks have long neat trendlines. Those that have multiple short trendlines going in all directions are said to have a broken chart.

As we all know the future of the stocks in uncertaion , every once in a while stock breaks out of trading range by moving either higher (breakout)or lower(breakdown). A breakout indicates the beginning of a new trend of importance, some may either fail and a resumption of advance after the initial brekout is called follow through.After breakout, a stock can run for a few days before pulling back. A pullback is healthy as long as the stock does not undercut the previous low. Although each successive move higher increases the downside risk and reduces the upside potential, some traders chase the stock – i.e. buy it in a rapid runup.
Recognizable chart patterns that indicate that a stock is about to make a move of significance are called setups.

A stock making new highs is a bullish sign. Sometimes a stock may pull back before the close, printing an NCH (New Closing High).

Thinly traded stocks (stocks trading less than several hundred thousand shares a day) often experience a shakeout – a sudden intraday drop in price that fully recovers by the end of the day. The move shakes out weak hands – traders who don’t have the stomach for wild fluctuations and sell in a panic. Some of these moves are orchestrated specifically for the purpose of shaking out the weak hands in order to buy their shares cheaply; others are the result of traders’ herd mentality – following each other’s closely watched moves. A person who sells in a shakeout and then buys back higher is said to be whipsawed.

A stock staging an unsustainable rise at the end of a run that looks almost vertical is said to go into a parabolic rise. A stock that has a big one-day fall that violates a major trendline is said to be broken.

3 Open Enrollment Tips

WITH ALL THAT'S going on in the market, it would be nice to think you could leave your health care on autopilot — but you'd be wrong. This October, as usual, 158 million American workers will have to make seemingly small but ultimately crucial decisions, as corporate America shifts more of its $537 billion health care burden onto workers. "People need to be more thoughtful about their choice than in the past several years," says Jay Savan, a principal with the professional-services firm Towers Perrin — especially if they don't want to get stuck with hefty bills. Some tips on being choosy:

Watch for hidden costs

Read the fine print: One trend Savan expects to see grow is surcharges — sometimes as high as $150 each month — for employees who opt to cover a spouse or child who could get benefits elsewhere. And the consultancy Mercer Health & Benefits estimates that 25 percent of large employers will offer prescription-drug plans that make employees pay a portion of drug costs instead of a simple copay. That'll sting if you're on, say, a $14,000 cancer drug.

Snag incentives

Being healthy can be good for a lot more than your waistline. In 2007 almost one in four large companies offered workers incentives for healthy behavior, a trend experts say will mushroom in 2009. Alexander Domaszewicz, a principal at Mercer, says he's seen perks such as lower deductibles and even a month of benefits for healthy decisions like losing weight. Don't lie, though: "That's like stealing from the company," Domaszewicz says, and can be a fireable offense.

Don't fear health-savings accounts

With caps on out-of-pocket costs and coverage for most preventive screenings, these plans can be a good deal, especially for the very sick or for very healthy consumers looking to sock away pretax funds. Balance the huge amount you'll save in premium costs against your exposure, Savan says. Many insurers' Web sites can help evaluate various plans.

Home Loan Tips

The home buying process can seem complicated, but if you take things step-by-step and you know how to choose the right home loan, you will soon be holding the keys to your own home!
 

Ten steps to buying a home

1. Figure out how much you can afford. What you can afford depends on your income, credit rating, current monthly expenses, down payment and the interest rate. The calculators can help, but it is best to visit a lender to find out for sure. A housing counselor can help you figure out how to manage and pay off your debt, and start saving for that down payment!
   
2. Know your rights
   
3. Shop for a loan. Save money by doing your homework. Talk to several lenders, compare costs and interest rates, and negotiate to get a better deal. Consider getting pre-approved for a loan.
   
4. Learn about home buying programs.
   
5. Shop for a home. Choose a real estate agent, Wish list - what features do you want, Home-shopping checklist - take this list with you when comparing homes.
   
6. Make an offer. Discuss the process with your real estate agent. If the seller counters your offer, you may need to negotiate until you both agree to the terms of the sale.
   
7. Get a home inspection. Make your offer contingent on a home inspection. An inspection will tell you about the condition of the home, and can help you avoid buying a home that needs major repairs.
   
8. Shop for homeowners insurance Lenders require that you have homeowners insurance. Be sure to shop around.
   
9. Sign papers. You're finally ready to go to "settlement" or "closing." Be sure to read everything before you sign!
   
10. The House is yours now. Have Puja or hawan.

Terms used in Housing Finance

• EMI: Equated Monthly Installment till the loan is paid back. It consists of a portion of interest and the principal
• Floating Rate of interest: Rate of interest which varies with the market lending rate. This means that there is an element of risk of paying more than budgeted amount in case the lending rates goes up.
• Monthly Reducing balance: In this system interest reduces monthly with repayment of Principal amount
• Annual Reducing Balance: In this system principal is reduced annually at the end of the year so you end up paying interest even for the portion of principal you have actually paid back.
• Fixed rate of interest: Rate of interest remains unchanged throughout the period of the loan.
• Processing charge: It's a fee payable to the lender on applying for the loan.
• Prepayment Penalties: When loan is paid back before the agreed term of the loan, then banks/ institutions charge penalty for the prepayment.
• Commitment Fee: Some institution charge commitment fee in case the loan is not availed within a stipulated period, after it is processed and sanctioned.
• Miscellaneous Cost: It is quite possible that some lenders may charge documentation or consultant charges.

Making Money Through Blogging

Blogging for profit has been around since the early part of this decade but for some bloggers, blog monetization is often taken for granted. Especially when the global financial markets started crashing one by one last year, the diversification of how blogs can earn money became a must.

• Banner Advertising – The granddaddy of online business model still works today, despite the ad spend slowdown. Of course, advertisers are attracted to popular, high-traffic blogs.
• Pay Per Click Advertising – A democratized method since this requires more focused niches, this is perhaps the most common way bloggers earn. Ad networks like Google AdSense, BlogAds, and AdBrite provide relatively easy way to monetize blogs.
• Paid posts/reviews – An ethical grey area for most bloggers, this will surely be affected by the recent FTC announcement about blog reviews and testimonials. This type of regulation is not new, but may blaze the trail for other governments to implement their own version.
• Getting hired as a Blogger – Bloggers can also take the “Professional Blogger” route by getting hired to blog or join a blog publishing network. This is most stable ways of making money but the most restrictive if you ask me.

For some people, this is obvious but new bloggers who have just entered into the fold must be reminded that there’s more to earning online than just Google AdSense.

Making Money Online with Google Adsense

Website owners are continually on the lookout for ideas to assist pay the expense of their website. One widespread technique is to make use of Google AdSense. Website owners apply for an account that authorizes them to add text, or image advertisements to their sites. When a visitor comes to the website and clicks on one of the Google Adsense ads, the account earns money. Hence, pay-per-click is one method to produce money with Google AdSense.

Great content is important for the site owner who hopes to make money on the Internet with Google AdSense. The better the content, the more users a site generates, as a result the AdSense advertiser pays more.

SEO or search engine optimization is an important factor if a website owner hopes to make money with AdSense. Search engines like excellent quality content; appropriate content produces a higher place on the search engine return page. Organic or algorithmic SEOs compose content that engages both user and search engine spiders. In turn, this makes the site more appealing to AdSense customers.

Growing the visitors to your site enhances the probability that you will generate money online with Google AdSense. Use social media tools such as Facebook to drive users to your site. Do not be scared to post about your own business! Sign up for forums that are related to your business. Link to your site in your signature line; this will demonstrate every time you write a forum post.

Consider blogging. An additional way to make money with Google AdSense is to associate the content of your website with the content on your blog and publish advertisements on both. It is influential to connect with other bloggers — the leapfrog effect (clicking on a link on one blog to read something on a different blog) can drive additional users to your site.

It can be simple to earn money with Google AdSense but a site owner has to be inclined to carry through a determined, consistent effort.

You can create your own website and start earning money online fast!

5 things you must know before investing in FDs

A fixed deposit (FD) probably ranks as the most conventional investment avenue for domestic investors. More importantly, given its offering, it makes an apt choice for risk-averse investors. In this article, we present 5 things investors must look at in an FD.

1. Credit profile :
   The FD’s credit profile is an indicator of the degree of risk associated with it in terms of timely repayment of the principal and interest payment. For example, an ‘AAA/FAAA’ rating is indicative of the highest level of safety. Typically, an FD with a higher rating would offer lower returns vis-à-vis an FD with a lower rating. The additional return in a lower rated FD is in effect a compensation for the higher risk borne. Investors would do well to decide on the quantum of risk they are willing to bear and then select an FD.
   
2. Rate of return :
   Rate of return or interest rate indicates the return that the FD investor will clock. At any point in time, it is not uncommon to find various entities like banks, small savings schemes and corporates offering differential returns on similar rated FDs. Investors on their part would do well to scout various options and select the FD that offers them the best return at a rating that suits them.
   
3. Interest payout options :
   Investors can generally choose between various interest payout options like monthly, quarterly, annually or on maturity. Ideally, the investor’s need for liquidity should be used to determine which interest payout option is chosen. Selecting the interest payout ‘on maturity’ option can help investors benefit from the compounding effect and clock a higher return.
   
4. Tenure :
   The FD’s tenure is the period over which the investor stays invested. By and large, a longer tenure translates into a higher rate of return. Investors must match their investment tenure with their needs/objectives. For example, if the investor has an expense to meet 3 years hence, he can invest an appropriate amount in a 3-year FD to ensure that the maturity proceeds match his future obligation. On the same lines, if there is a 5-Yr investment tenure, then investments can be considered in tax-saving FDs; this will help the investor simultaneously benefit from tax sops under Section 80C.
   
5. Premature withdrawal :
   An often-ignored aspect of FD investing is the premature withdrawal clause. Investors opting for a premature withdrawal can be penalised by either being given a lower rate of return or zero interest depending on the terms and conditions of the FD. Investors would do well to acquaint themselves with the implications of a premature withdrawal before making an investment.

Stock Market Opportunities

How to Identify Investment Opportunities

When it comes to the Stock Market, are you an opportunist? This term need not have a negative connotation. The definition of an opportunist is someone who is dedicated to making money, no matter the consequence or the circumstances of another’s misfortune.
Investing is not about feeling guilty. You may feel compassion for others whose misfortune results in your gains, but there is nothing wrong with taking advantage of opportunities when they present themselves. Here are some tips here for identifying good investment opportunities as they occur.

Study the Economy

Look at global trends. Right now, many countries are experiencing an economic decline the likes of which have not been seen for decades or more. As the economy changes, so do factors such as the real estate market and the stock market. But the reverse is also true; the stock market itself can affect the economy.
You may want to keep an eye on developing countries. Their economies may be growing while more established countries are still in the midst of a rapid decline. Of course, a strong economy means a strong stock market and vice versa.

Opportunities in a Bear Market

Even though a bear market can mean tragedy for a great deal of investments, for the opportunist it can mean money making ability in the near future.

Of course, the most obvious opportunity is to identify a stock that is expected to recover nicely and buy shares cheap (also referred to as bottom fishing). This is not always an easy thing to do, but can you imagine if you had figured out decades ago that Google was going to be as big as it today and invested in it?

Look for an increase in the market’s volume to signal a recovery. As investors start to return to trading, so will prices increase. This could be a good time to sell, but it is rarely a good time to buy.

Often in a bear market, patience is key. The market has to hit an all-time low, and if you’ve invested wisely, then the only thing you can do is to wait it out.

As the Stock Market goes through its various cycles, you will be in the position for making money if you can identify them before other investors and act on opportunities.

Six Reasons We Have Bad Dreams

1. Anxiety and Stress
   Anxiety and stress, often as the result of a traumatic life event, are sometimes the cause of nightmares and bad dreams. According to the International Association for the Study of Dreams (IASD), a major surgery or illness, grieving over the loss of a loved one, and suffering or witnessing an assault or major accident can trigger bad dreams and nightmares. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is also a common cause of recurrent nightmares.
   
   Not all nightmare triggers have to be traumatic, however. Everyday stressors, such as job or financial anxiety, or major life transitions such as moving or divorce, can also cause nightmares.
   
   
2. Spicy Foods
   When and what we eat may affect our nighttime rest, if not our tendency toward bad dreams. A small study published in the International Journal of Psychophysiology had a group of healthy men eat spicy meals before bed on some evenings and compared their quality of sleep on nights where they had non-spiced meals. On the spicy nights, the subjects spent more time awake and had poorer quality sleep. The explanation is that spicy food can elevate body temperatures and thus disrupt sleep. This may also be the reason why some people report bad dreams when they eat too close to bedtime. Though few studies have looked at it, eating close to bedtime increases metabolism and brain activity and may prompt bad dreams or nightmares.
   
   
3. Fat Content of Food
   Though far from conclusive, some research has indicated that the more high-fat food you consume during the day, the greater the chance that the amount and quality of your sleep may suffer. A small study published in 2007 in Psychological Reports found that the dreams of people who ate a high amount of organic food differed from those who ate “junk foods.” The authors hypothesize that certain foods may negatively influence dreaming.
   
   
4. Alcohol
   Though alcohol is a depressant that will help you fall asleep in the short term, once its effects wear off, it can cause you to wake up prematurely. Excess consumption can also lead to nightmares and bad sleep; nightmares are also a common occurrence for those going through alcohol withdrawal.
   
   
5. Drugs
   Some drugs, including antidepressants, barbiturates, and narcotics, can cause nightmares as a side effect. For instance, a 2008 study published in the journal Pyschopharmacology looked at ketamine, a drug used in anesthesia and recreationally, and found that compared with a placebo, ketamine use resulted in more dream unpleasantness and increased the incidence of bad dreams. Similarly, anyone who has traveled to a country where malaria is endemic may have taken Lariam and had some interesting nightmares associated with it. Nightmares usually cease once the drug is cleared from the system.
   
   
6. Illness
   Illnesses that include fever, such as the flu, can often trigger nightmares. And other sleeping disorders, including apnea and narcolepsy, may also increase the incidence of bad dreams and nightmares.While bad dreams and nightmares are considered normal responses in dealing with everyday experiences, the IASD recommends consultation with a therapist if they last in intensity and severity. But trying to eliminate these six factors first may be the best place to start in your quest to sweeten your dreams and chase the nighttime demons away.
   

Eight-step guide to financial planning

When you start earning, there is this rush of power you get by seeing money accumulate in your account month-on-month. And this can be quite addictive. More often than not, most people, especially those in their early twenties on their first jobs don't do much with the salary credited to their account, besides spending it.

If any money is left after the splurging, it usually lies in the account idle. This happens for two reasons: One, you don't know how to go about investing and two, you haven't really thought about investing any money as you have no need for it at the moment.

Now the latter reason is more dangerous because there is no such thing as too early when it comes to investments. The sooner you start the better. As for the former reason, here's a step-by-step guide to assist you in sorting your investment priorities.

Life, Health and Medical:
That investments are a must is a given, All you have to do now is to work out how you intend to invest your money, i.e. what are your priorities, where you will invest money and how much. Now, this needn't be compulsory, but for those unsure of where to start from, insuring life and health (mediclaims) is usually a good idea. This is the most basic investment. It's one way of ensuring you don’t make your family liable in case something happens to you. A mediclaim even offers cover for family, so it's security during troubled times.

Save judiciously:
This is a matter of discipline. Each month, there has to be a set amount of money from your salary that is saved. It could be any amount, Rs 1,000, Rs 5,000 or Rs 10,000. The point is, each month, this amount has to be saved no matter how many birthdays or anniversaries happen. As the saying goes, A penny saved is a penny earned – so start saving!

What's your goal?
You need to indentify this early. Each person has a financial goal. For some it is a three bedroom apartment in the suburbs, some others it's a car, or child's education or marriage, etc. The goals vary but these need to be identified quickly. First time earners may not really have an immediate goal, but this is where some thought is required. It's important as soon as you start earning to have some sort of an idea of what you intend to achieve with the money you make. This helps plan your finances immensely.

Prepare to invest:
Once you know your financial goals, it helps to draw a basic sketch of the amount of money you will need to invest/save in order to achieve it. The investment options one chooses has a lot to do with a person's risk appetite. You need to gauge your risk-taking abilities. Some people prefer playing it safe, yet others like a bit of a gamble, if it means they can earn some quick bucks. The ideal approach is of course a balance of the two. But either way, investments are crucial. So be it, sedate and secure debt funds or aggressive and unpredictable equity funds, it's never too early to put in some money on these.

Repaying loans:
It's unavoidable! At some point or the other, everyone finds themselves in some sort of debt. It could be your house, car, education or even your credit card. Whatever it is, your financial plan must include provision for paying off these debts. If you have more than one, then naturally, the priority will be the high-cost followed by the rest in that order. However, an early understanding of never spending more than you earn should ensure that you don't have to pay off bills and EMIs after the due date.

SOS provision:
Emergencies don't call in before knocking on your doorstep. And while there's no guarantee of the degree of damage it brings, it is nevertheless important to have some provision for the same. Say an FD kept safe in the bank or shares of a popular stock or gold in the locker or any other investment that you can dig into if the situation calls for it. The important thing is to identify the funds you will use during emergencies.

Allocating assets:
When you are making an investment plan, it's necessary to understand your money needs. Say, you will need money on hand in two years time to pay for your daughter's MBA, or money for down-payment of a car loan the next year. Identifying these needs will help you allocate your assets accordingly, such that you have liquid funds at the appropriate time. So, planning is not just about the end financial destination, it is also about accounting for the little stop-overs on the way. Your dream may be a duplex apartment, but on the way to getting there, you'll find yourself wanting a car, a vacation every year and perhaps some retirement provision as well. And your financial planning has to accordingly have assets distributed such that you can achieve those goals

Ask for help:
This is the most important part of planning your own finances. You may have a good head for numbers, but it still doesn’t mean you have to do it alone. Planning your finances, allocating assets and monitoring their performance constantly is a huge task and you will definitely need assistance. So, never shy away from looking for that help. And it’s a lot easier now. All you need is a relationship manager from your bank who will supervise and monitor your investments. This person will also guide you on various investment options. You should listen closely to all the advice, but never take action on any until you've done your own research.
So, do save, make a plan and start investing now!

Ramalinga Raju goes offline on World Wide Web too!

A day after Ramalinga Raju announced his departure from Satyam Computer after admitting to the country's biggest ever corporate fraud, a website by his name, launched supposedly by his fans last week, vanished into oblivion on Thursday.

The website, www.ramalingaraju.com, was launched with much fanfare last week by some people claiming to be Raju's well-wishers, who blamed media for giving him bad publicity.

Attempts to reach the site, which was available till Wednesday, was today displayed "page not available" or "webpage cannot be found" error messages.

With a tag line of "Satyameva Jayate" (truth shall win), the website was soliciting public support for Raju. Various postings on the website had said Raju was a hero for them.

After the launch of the website, a Satyam spokesperson had said that it was not an official website and that "some well-wishers might have hosted it".

However, the disclosure of financial fraud at Satyam has led to flooding of internet message boards with postings ridiculing Raju.